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Sinus lift
A sinus lift is a bone grafting procedure that is sometimes performed as a part of preparing a site for a dental implant.
A sinus lift is required in those instances where the amount of bone found in a patient's upper jaw (in the region originally occupied by their bicuspid or molar teeth) is inadequate to accommodate the planned implant.
There can be several reasons why the amount of bone found in the patient's upper jawbone might be insufficient to accommodate a dental implant. Some of them include:
- The patient's normal jaw anatomy presents complications
- The patient has experienced bone loss due to gum disease
- Bone resorption associated with previous tooth extractions
- Bone loss due to other factors
How is the sinus lift procedure performed?
The sinus lift is a surgical procedure. The specific technique that the dentist utilizes can vary depending upon their training and experiences but traditionally the procedure has been performed as follows:
1.The dentist will make an incision in the patient's gum tissue on the cheek side of their upper jaw in the area where the placement of the dental implant is planned (in the region originally occupied by the patient's bicuspid or molar teeth). This incision allows the dentist to flap back the patient's gum tissue and expose the jawbone that lies underneath.
2. The exposed bone is cut in a fashion where a "trap door" of bone, hinged at the top, is created. This movable section of bone is then pushed gently inward and upward into the sinus cavity. This bone movement caries the sinus membrane attached to it with it, thus "lifting" the membrane (and hence the sinus floor) to a new, higher level. The empty space underneath the lifted sinus membrane is then packed with bone-graft material thus providing the new bone into which the tooth implant will be placed.
3. Once the bone-graft material has been positioned the gum tissue is stitched closed.
4. In some instances it can be possible that the dentist will place the dental implant at the same time that the sinus lift is performed. In most cases, however, a dentist will allow a healing period of six to nine months before the dental implant is placed. The specific time frame allowed for healing is dependent upon the type of bone-graft material that has been utilized.
What types of bone-graft materials are used with the sinus lift procedure?
Several different types of bone-graft materials can be utilized with sinus lift surgery. In some instances the patient's own bone will be used, such as bone harvested from another location in the patient's mouth or else from other bones (including the hip (iliac crest) or shin bone (tibia)).
In other instances, prepared bone (frozen bone, freeze-dried bone, demineralized freeze-dried bone), either human or from another species (i.e. bovine), can be purchased from a tissue bank for use. Another alternative involves the use of synthetically derived graft material such as hydroxyapatite.
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